What is a Virus in Computer Science?

In the realm of computer science, a virus is a type of malicious software program (malware) that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive. Once this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then called “infected.” Unlike a worm, a virus requires a host program to operate. The most significant aspect of a virus is its ability to spread to other systems, often leading to data corruption, system failures, and security breaches. The disguise of viruses can vary: they might masquerade as harmless software or disguise their true purpose, evading detection by traditional antivirus programs. This article delves into the nature, history, types, and impacts of computer viruses, as well as strategies for prevention and mitigation. By the end, you’ll understand not only how viruses operate but also why they remain a persistent threat in our increasingly digital world.